21st century maritime silk road map

1 shows a map of the Land Silk Road and the Sea Silk Road . , 2017 BRI White Paper), which followed up a previous publication entitled “Vision and Actions on Jointly Building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road” issued in 2015 (i. Ssu1 ch'ou1 chih1 lu4. I. Ho wever , this is not an end to uncertainties, but the beginning to show the double-edg ed e ects of Brexit. China's silk road economic belt and 21st century maritime silk road website,Includes BRI investment,BRI trade,BRI projects,policies,Belt and Road weekly,Know Belt and Road,and the integrated information services for the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Silk went westward, and wools, gold, and silver went east. win win cooperation and development (Zhu, 2016 needed by countries along the route. It began by the 2nd century BCE and flourished until the 15th century CE. Maritime Silk Road Routes and Possible Key Port Destinations 9 IV. H. The implementation of the Belt and Road initiative is drawing a new geo-economic network of the Maritime Silk Road. II. Centering on marine management and cooperation, and ensuring the economic cooperation and cultural exchanges among countries along the Road, the MSR initiative attempts to promote peace, friendship, interconnectivity of ports, innovation of economic mechanisms Apr 10, 2017 · When Chinese President Xi Jinping visited Central Asia and Southeast Asia in September and October of 2013, he raised the initiative of jointly building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (hereinafter referred to as the Belt and Road), which have attracted close attention from all over the world. Jan 31, 2024 · 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (or Maritime Silk Road), carrying China’s marine strategy, which is the development of blue economy and the facilitation of blue partnership, adheres to the pursuit of green development, ocean-based prosperity, maritime security, innovation, and co-governance (BBC, 2017). Series Publications on the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (I) 21st Century Maritime Silk Road: A Peaceful Way Forward (II) 21st Century Maritime Silk Road: Construction of Remote Islands and Reefs (III) 21st Century Maritime Silk Road: Wave Energy Resource Evaluation (IV) 21st Century Maritime Silk Road: Wind Energy Resource Evaluation Mar 4, 2020 · In 2017, China has published its “Vision for Maritime Cooperation Under the Belt and Road Initiative” (i. This year's expo covered a total exhibition area of 70,000 square meters and set up special exhibition areas featuring sectors spanning international cooperation and exchange, international platforms and brands, artificial Sep 1, 2018 · Abstract and Figures. Figure A4. ' [4] It is a complementary initiative aimed at investing and fostering collaboration in Southeast Asia, Oceania and Africa through several contiguous bodies of water: the South China Sea , the South Pacific The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road is a key component of China’s Belt and Road Initiative and, as such, can play a crucial role in the development of maritime infrastructure throughout Asia and the Pacific in the coming years. It is also the most cited element in the ‘security threat’ literature. [3] The policy report The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road: Security Implications and Ways Forward for the European Union presents an analysis of the sea-based component of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the Road. The SREB envisions many areas of cooperation, with one of the most prominent being energy. This route has been dubbed the Silk Road Economic Belt. However, the coastal areas in China have frequently been hit by typhoons that lead to huge casualties and economic losses. Jun 28, 2023 · The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative, abbreviated as the Belt and Road Initiative, is a primary development strategy of China's future international The 21 st Maritime Silk Road (MSR) is the maritime arm of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Sep 17, 2022 · The countries along the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (MSRCs) are important geo-economic spaces for China. cn. In addition to the land-based routes, the OBOR initiative includes the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, a planned sea route that will integrate port and coastal infrastructure projects. Due to this initiative, China can build resilience in the face of economic or diplomatic isolation. ” 3 Wang Yi, “The Belt and Road Initiative Becomes New Opportunity for China-Latin America Cooperation,” Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, September 18, 2017, https://www A conscious choice must be made not just to envision individual, bounded islands but to follow island movements (Pugh, 2016). These interests include the expansion of China’s $1. 09. This book explores the opportunities and challenges that both Europe and Asia face under the framework of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative. This article discusses Beijing's latest attempts to secure China's maritime energy supply chain across the Indian Ocean region and the South China Sea through which the majority of its seaborne energy imports transit. Apr 3, 2018 · Watch on. Aerial photo taken on Sept. Officials said that the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road initiatives will be “open” to all nations and are not limited by geography. It focuses on improving cooperation with countries in a vast part of Asia, Europe and Africa, especially in the fields of economic interests, international trade Apr 2, 2018 · China’s leaders have mapped out an ambitious plan, the Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSRI), to establish three “blue economic passages” that will connect Beijing with economic hubs around the world. The Maritime Silk Road is the least studied component of China’s Belt and Road Initiative. Industry and infrastructure are concentrated along the coast. The Chinese government has drafted and published the Vision and Actions on Jointly Building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road to promote the implementation of the Initiative, instill vigor and vitality into the ancient Silk Road, connect Asian, European and African countries more closely and promote mutually beneficial The Belt and Road Initiative refers to the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, a significant development strategy launched by the Chinese government with the intention of promoting economic co-operation among countries along the proposed Belt and Road routes. Sea lane safety is the key to May 9, 2014 · From Kuala Lumpur, the Maritime Silk Road heads to Kolkata, India then crosses the rest of the Indian Ocean to Nairobi, Kenya (the Xinhua map does not include a stop in Sri Lanka, despite Oct 1, 2023 · The sweeping initiative, initially introduced as the “Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road Development Strategy” in September and October 2013, promised to boost The Belt and Road Initiative refers to the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013. Based on trade and investment flows, this study uses social network analysis to examine the characteristics and structure of trade and investment networks between China Vision and Actions on Jointly Building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Foreign Af fairs, and Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China, with State Council authorization. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Ballast water release, a mean to transmit invasive species across long distance via shipping, poses significant threat to healthy marine ecosystems by introducing novel pathogens and bringing the bio-invasion problem. e. 1 It is the maritime dimension of President Xi Jinping’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which could include $1–4 trillion in new roads Nov 1, 2020 · This conceptualisation of the ancient Maritime Silk Road as a vast archipelago can have relevance for our understanding of China’s present-day promotion of a 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road as Mar 30, 2019 · T he 21st - Century Maritime Silk Road delivers. Oct 10, 2022 · With the advances of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the geo-economic interactions between China and countries along the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road counties (MSRCs) continue to increase The "Silk Road Economic Belt" and "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" is a new initiative by the Chinese Government to bolster trade across Asia, Europe and Africa. March 2015. The Silk Road Economic Belt will be an overland network of road, rail and pipelines roughly following the old Silk Road trading route that will connect China’s east coast wih Europe via a new Eurasian land bridge. while facilitating China’s effort to open up further Hardcover Book USD 109. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSR Initiative), put forward by the Chinese government together with the Silk Road Economic Belt, reflects China’s ambition and vision to shape the global economic and political order. Over 2,000 years ago, the Han Dynasty established a network of trade routes linking China to Central Asia and the Middle East. China also received Nestorian Christianity and Buddhism (from India) via the Silk Road. This report Jul 22, 2022 · By Jason Dunn. Aug 15, 2017 · The “21st-Century Maritime Silk Road” is aimed at promoting the construction of an open and cooperative sea route and foster the economic cooperation and development of the coastal countries. Nov 13, 2023 · Geo-Economic linkages between China and the countries along the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road and their types. The map of the Maritime Silk Road. The Initiative has been designed to enhance the orderly free This book is one of the series publications on the 21 st century Maritime Silk Road (shortened as “Maritime Silk Road”). The following is the full text of the document. In particular, we would like to express our gratitude to Knut Dethlefsen for realizing this project; Stefan Pantekoek Mar 30, 2015 · The Chinese government has drafted and published the Vision and Actions on Jointly Building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road to promote the implementation of the Initiative, instill vigor and vitality into the ancient Silk Road, connect Asian, European and African countries more closely and promote mutually beneficial Download scientific diagram | Map of the Silk Road Economic Belt (Silk Road) and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (Maritime Silk Road) (Source: Morgan-Stanley (2018)) from publication: Cultural Xinhua Silk Road is the Belt and Road (BRI) portal. Named after one of China’s major exports, the Silk Road supported the entire region’s implications of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road components of the BRI. It assesses the implications of the project for European Union (EU) foreign and security interests Maritime Silk Road. All Regions. 11, No. Download PDF file of "China’s Maritime Silk Road: Strategic and Economic Implications for the Indo-Pacific Region" 15356kb. Li, X. The 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR) and the Silk Road Economic Belt combine to form the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which was announced by China’s President Xi Jinping in 2013. The Silk Road ( Chinese: 丝绸之路) [a] was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century. This book is one of the series publications of 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which focuses on the construction of remote islands and reefs in the Maritime Silk Road. Apr 6, 2016 · Readdressing 21st Century Maritime Silk Road: Exploring Sino-Sri Lanka relations in 2016. Possible Strategic Implications of the Maritime Silk Road 17 Economic Impact of MSR Port Projects 17 Chinese Political Influence 23 Prospects for Dual-Use Port Facilities and Overseas PLA-N Support Hubs 25 Jul 28, 2019 · The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSR Initiative), put forward by the Chinese government together with the Silk Road Economic Belt, reflects China’s ambition and vision to shape the global economic and political order. Map of the Indian Ocean Region illustrating Maritime Silk 28 . Lake in the Pamirs, western Uygur Autonomous Region of Apr 11, 2019 · A map published by China’s state-owned Xinhua news agency in May 2014 provides the closest approximation to what the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road looked like at their inception. At the same time, by investing in fragile states Article. The 3rd Cross-Strait Academic Forum on “The Age of Discovery and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road” was successfully held in Xiamen, China on May 27, 2023. The Maritime Silk Road or Maritime Silk Route is the maritime section of the historic Silk Road that connected China, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian peninsula, Somalia, Egypt and Europe. It seeks to build economic connectivity, promote development and improve economic relations between maritime nations and China. ” Footnote 36. But the thin continental and maritime lines look more notional than concrete. Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days. Whereas the "Maritime Silk Road" passes from Southern China through Western Asia, the Middle East and East Africa, the "Silk Road Economic Belt" transits through Northwestern China Mar 23, 2024 · Strengthening Interconnected Tourism Exchanges along the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" Sanya Embarks on Tourism Marketing and Promotion Activities in Singapore Download scientific diagram | Map of China's Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road from publication: China's Silk Road and global health | In 2013, China proposed its Belt The "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" (Chinese:21世纪海上丝绸之路), or just the Maritime Silk Road, is the sea route 'corridor. The implementation of the Belt and Road initiative is drawing a new geo-economic Apr 18, 2017 · Footnote 35 At the start of 2016, Beijing and Cairo signed a “Memorandum of Understanding on Jointly Promoting Construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. The report complements the February 2017 SIPRI–Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung publication on the land-based component of the BRI, the Belt. This initiative aims to extend China’s maritime Nov 14, 2023 · Updated on: November 14th, 2023. In recent years, the Chinese leadership has increasingly turned its attention towards the maritime domain. We developed a technical framework allowing the use of “big data” derived from the Automatic Identification System (AIS, an automatic ship-tracking network) for two purposes: the accurate mapping of The Belt & Road Initiative has two main elements: the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. Jun 20, 2017 · Updated: Jun 20,2017 1:43 PM Xinhua. 1Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China; lhwang@re. As the introducer, China plays a key role in the initiative. Southern Fujian is rich in cultural resources, and vigorous development creative industries are not only the need for economic restructuring and industrial upgrading also an essential key to By late 2017, Beijing had formalized Latin America and the Caribbean as a “natural extension of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. In 2015, a Southern Route was added to MSR conceptually linking China to the economies of the South Pacific. The second leg of Xi’s plan is to build a 21st Century Maritime Silk Road connecting the fast-growing Southeast Asian region to China’s southern provinces through ports and railways. We may choose to conceptualise the ancient Maritime Silk Road and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road as networks of archipelagic relation, connecting islands (and other places) throughout the Indian Ocean and beyond. edu. The initiative aims at promoting policy coordination, facilities connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration and people-to-people bond in the international community. [1] Spanning over 6,400 kilometers (4,000 miles), it played a central role in facilitating economic, cultural, political, and religious interactions between the Sep 27, 2021 · The 2021 Guangdong 21st Century Maritime Silk Road International Expo was held in Guangzhou from Sept 24 to 26. On the eve of Prime Minister Wickremesinghe’s three-day State visit to Beijing on 6 April as an extension of the goodwill visit made by President Maithripala Sirisena in 2015, this article Oct 16, 2023 · Confusingly, it’s the “belt” — the Silk Road Economic Belt (SREB) — that goes overland, and the “road” — 21st Maritime Silk Road (MSR) — that goes by sea. The publication looks into the overall impact of the Maritime Silk Road on tourism and furthermore assesses the tourism potential of Maritime Silk Road thematic May 8, 2019 · Based on the historical recording method, this paper took the coastal areas of the 21st Century. III Dec 21, 2019 · Key Points of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road will serve China’s core interest, eventually leading to a renaissance of Chinese maritime power. Sep 4, 2018 · SIPRI is pleased to announce the launch of a new report on the security implications of China’s 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (the Road). 1, 2019 shows the panoramic view of Male, capital of Maldives. Abstract : As early as 2,000 years ago, the Maritime Silk Road started from China's south-east coastal regions, traversing a vast expanse of oceans and seas to countries in Southeast Asia, Africa and Europe. The report examines security implications in the two strategic maritime spaces that it crosses: the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean Region. This work examines what is really happening along the Asia-Europe sea routes and the extent to which China Nov 18, 2019 · As an essential part of China’s “One Belt, One Road” strategy, the Southern Fujian is the core area of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, that is the origin of China’s ancient Maritime Silk Road. 1 (2015), pp. Adjustment of India’s strategic layout of maritime power in the context of “21st Century Maritime Silk Road”. This series publications cover the characteristics of the marine environment and marine new energy, remote islands and reefs construction, climate change, early warning of wave disasters, legal escort, marine environment Feb 26, 2018 · The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road – Tourism Opportunities and Impacts. The 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road, proposed by China in 2013, has become one of the centerpieces of the foreign policy and international economic strategy of China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19, 12946. This policy report offers a comprehensive analysis of the security implications of China's 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (Belt and Road Initiative) across Asia and Europe The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road is expected to serve China’s core interest, leading to a resurgence of Chinese maritime power. While this remains true in many respects, the “Belt and Road Initiative (BRI),” as the overall policy is now called, has since been fleshed out Dec 10, 2018 · China’s designation of the “21st-century Maritime Silk Road” (MSR) region is of extraordinary significance to its maritime rights, transportation security, and socio-economic development. Nov 7, 2023 · This year marks the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road — the Belt and Road Initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping. Mapping 21st Century Maritime Silk Road and its Impact to Marine Ecosystems. 5 regional corridors will branch off the land bridge, with Oct 10, 2022 · Although the construction of the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road has been actively supported by many countries, regional powers such as Japan, India, and Turkey have not signed an inter-governmental document on jointly building the Belt and Road with China, and suspicion and vigilance about the construction of China’s Maritime Silk Road still Nov 2, 2017 · This essay examines how the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road under China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) relates to Beijing’s quest for energy security and draws implications for Japan, India, South Korea, and the U. The previous report examined security The Technical Cooperation and Silk Road Department is pleased to announce the release of the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road: Tourism Opportunities and Impacts", a publication developed by UNWTO with the kind support of Beijing Sunny International Communications. Y. 2 trillion maritime-based economies, advancing food and security and improving sea-based Jun 1, 2018 · 1. Maritime Silk Road in China as the research object and used the super-e ffi ciency DEA model to Nov 17, 2022 · The Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road initiative (BRI) that Xi proposed aims to create a trade and infrastructure network that connects Asia with Europe and Africa Sep 27, 2019 · The global AIS data enable maritime network of the countries along the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road (21C-MSR) and other countries to be investigated, and differences between these two groups to be examined, which may provide insights on the possible effects derived from the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road Initiative initiated (MSRI) by China Feb 13, 2014 · According to a statement from China’s Foreign Ministry, the leaders agreed to “fully expand maritime cooperation and jointly build the maritime silk road of the 21st century. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road is a key component of China's Belt and Road Feb 2, 2023 · Xi subsequently announced plans for the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road at the 2013 summit of the Association “China has had a fair amount of success in redrawing trade maps around the world Nicholas School of the Environment. Some of these interests include the expansion of China’s $1. Reflecting on the accomplishments of the BRI in the last decade in Jun 1, 2022 · For a long time, China has had excess production capacity and foreign exchange assets, and its oil and gas resources and mineral resources have been highly dependent on foreign countries. Aug 19, 2018 · Christopher Len, “ China ’ s 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative, Energy Security and SLOC Access, ” Maritime A ff airs , Vol. The The "Silk Road Economic Belt" and "21st Century Maritime Silk Road" is a new initiative by the Chinese Government to bolster trade across Asia, Europe and Africa. The MSR is the maritime complement to the Silk Road Economic Belt, which focuses on infrastructure development Feb 28, 2019 · The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road is a key component of China's Belt and Road Initiative, a major development plan that aims to connect China with the rest of Asia, Africa and Europe. July 22, 2022. Jan 1, 2019 · And it is of great significance to promote the construction of "The Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road" and the development of the global energy Internet [4]. This report, developed with the kind support of Sunny International, looks into the overall impacts of the Maritime Jun 7, 2018 · When China’s party and state leader Xi Jinping first announced his plan for a “Silk Road Economic Belt” and “21st Century Maritime Silk Road” in the fall of 2013, the concept sounded vague and its content was difficult to interpret. Kenya and the 21st Apr 21, 2020 · Background of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. It has been a great pleasure working with and learning from FES’ professional, thoughtful and knowledgeable staff. The Maritime Silk Road or Maritime Silk Route [2] is the maritime section of the historic Silk Road that connected Southeast Asia, East Asia, the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian Peninsula, eastern Africa, and Europe. Introduction. Preface. The concept Sep 27, 2019 · This enables the global maritime network between 2013 and 2016 to be investigated, and the differences between the countries along the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road and other countries, as well Sep 8, 2017 · These routes can be grouped into two major ones: the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, which may be referred to as the Land Silk Road and the Maritime or Sea Silk Road, respectively. Whereas the "Maritime Silk Road" passes from Southern China through Western Asia, the Middle East and East Africa, the "Silk Road Economic Belt" transits through Northwestern China Apr 23, 2023 · In the past decade since the initiative of building the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road was proposed, Li has visited several BRI flagship projects including the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway Sep 17, 2022 · The countries along the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (MSRCs) are important geo-economic spaces for China. This report, developed with the kind support of Sunny International, looks into the overall impacts of the Maritime To build the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR) Initiative is China’s major adjustment in international strategy in the new era. Mar 1, 2018 · The ‘ 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative ’, proposed by the Chinese Government not only encourages the development of a, ‘blue economy’, involving neighbouring States via waterways but also it intends to resolve disputes via peaceful means. S. Mar 1, 2017 · Slide 2, One Belt One Road map labeled with 21st-century Maritime Silk Road. 28 Feb 19. The report examines the impact of the two most strategic maritime spaces that the initiative traverses: the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean Region. Both roads have China (different cities) as the country on the Jun 24, 2015 · Abstract. Investment Strategy of Chinese Terminal Operators along the “21st‐Century Maritime Silk Road”. Wednesday, 6 April 2016 00:00 - - 4186. Coinciding with the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), scholars and experts from China’s mainland and Taiwan region gathered Mar 22, 2017 · On land, Beijing aims to connect the country’s underdeveloped hinterland to Europe through Central Asia. Apr 15, 2024 · Silk Road, ancient trade route, linking China with the West, that carried goods and ideas between the two great civilizations of Rome and China. ecnu. Free shipping worldwide -. , & Shi, Y. From 2017, talk also began regarding an Ice Silk Road or Polar Silk Road, running through the Arctic. International Institute for Asian Studies, 2020. In order to reduce damages caused by natural disasters, this paper selected the coastal regions of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road as the study China’s Belt and Road plan ‘open’ to all nations. 2 trillion maritime-based economies, improving food and security, and boosting sea-based communications. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road is a key component of China’s Belt and Road Initiative and, as such, can play a crucial role in the development of maritime infrastructure throughout Asia and the Pacific in the coming years. CONTENTS. BEIJING — China on June 20 released a document titled Vision for Maritime Cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative, to synchronize development plans and promote joint actions among countries along the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. China is currently funding of aids to navigation. Price excludes VAT (USA) Durable hardcover edition. Background. 99. . Liehui Wang 1,2,3, Yuanbo Zheng 2, Cesar Ducruet 4 and Fan Zhang 1,2,*. The first step and priority under the MSR Initiative, according to documents issued by China, is to build three IAMS Secretariat Updated:2023. ” Oct 10, 2022 · With the advances of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the geo-economic interactions between China and countries along the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road counties (MSRCs) continue to increase, and analyzing the geo-economic relations between China and the MSRCs is extremely important for a scient … economic effects of the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road [7], these studies mainly focused on the geo-economic competition faced by the 21st-century Maritime Silk Road, though less attention has been paid to the evolution of the characteristics of geo-economic linkages between China and MSRCs, and the characteristics of geo-economic relations Jul 1, 2022 · countries alongside the 21 st Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR). China unveiled the concept for the Twenty-First Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR) in 2013 as a development strategy to boost infrastructure connectivity throughout Southeast Asia, Oceania, the Indian Ocean, and East Africa. 37 For the cooperation areas, the MSR will emphasize the construction of ports, and the infrastructure construction of the energy pipes and port cities. The decade has witnessed not just the progression and refinement of the initiative from broad outlines to fine detailing but also significant changes in international conditions. 06. The Role of the Maritime Silk Road 5 III. The SREB was announced by Xi Jinping in the capital of Kazakhstan on September 7, 2013, and the MSR came less than a month later, announced by Xi at the Indonesian parliament. 1 – 18. May 8, 2019 · The Belt and Road Initiative involves many countries and areas. Principles. Feb 14, 2019 · II. By Ramla Wahab-Salman. At present, the “21st Century Maritime Silk Road” is a complex change in China's world pattern. The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road initiative has the potential to significantly expand China’s maritime strategic space beyond its enclosed adjacent waters. 9789082381047. is paper focuses on This comprehensive report presents an analysis of the security implications of the sea-based component of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, the 'Road'. China’s Maritime Silk Road provides the oceanic network supporting the land Economic Belt. It began by the 2nd century BCE and flourished later on until the 15th century CE. , 2015 BRI White Paper). Wade–Giles. nw yb mw hj df df fr fp yh er